影片及資料來源:https://www.ted.com/talks/leeann_renninger_the_secret_to_giving_great_feedback/transcript#t-288209
📌A) Summary摘要
The talks point out the problem of giving feedback in our conversations for a long time by providing a recent Gallup survey that found that only 26 percent of employees strongly agree that the feedback they get actually improves their work. The talk explains why difficult messages cannot be moved forward and how a good feedback giver converts blur words into specificity, convert a monologue into a joint problem-solving situation letting others get a feeling of autonomy and are willing to follow and get works done in an identical way.
本篇談話透過最近的蓋洛普調查指出人們長久以來關於在談話中提供回饋的問題,該調查顯示僅有26%的員工非常贊同他們所得到的回饋對於改善工作表現有助益。本片解釋了為什麼困難的訊息無法在談話中繼續進行,而擅長給予回饋者如何將模糊的字詞轉化為明確訊息,如何避免獨白並創造共同的解決問題的情境,從而使其他人覺得擁有自主權,並願意以相同的方式回應對話讓事情順利完成。
📌B) Opinion觀點
黎安‧倫寧格博士(PhD Leeann Renninger)與其團隊「紐約生活實驗室」(LifeLabs Learning)找出了四種方法,可運用在傳達任何棘手的訊息上:
1. micro-yes「微同意」
Great feedback givers begin their feedback by asking a question that is short but important.
擅長給予回饋的人會以詢問一個簡短但重要的問題來破題。讓大腦知道自己即將要接收到回饋的訊息。
問題有可能是:「你有五分鐘的時間可以聊聊上次會談的事嗎?」或「讓事情更趨完善,我有一些想法我能跟你分享嗎?」
這個微同意的提問會幫你完成兩件事:
第一,它會是個調整節奏的工具。讓對方知道自己即將要給予回饋。
第二,它創造了讓對方接受此意見(buy-in)與否的時機。讓對方可以接受或拒絕回應提問。進一步讓對方覺得有了自主權。
2. giving data point給你數據點
Name specifically what we saw or heard, and cut out any words that aren't objective(blur words).
你要明確地指出你看到或聽到的事,並且排除任何不客觀的用字(blur words模糊字眼)。
模糊字眼:「你不該防衛心這麼強」,或「你該更積極一些」,
具體說法:「你答應在11點前會傳郵件給我,但我現在還沒收到。」
訊息明確對於提供正面回饋也很重要。談話的目的是我們希望對方增加或減少什麼。如果我們使用模糊字眼,他們其實完全不知道接下來該如何做才能符合需求。
3. An impact statement陳述所造成的影響
Name exactly how that data point impacted you. Talk in this way gives us a sense of purpose and meaning and logic between the points, which is something the brain really craves.
具體陳述那個數據點如何影響你。這麼做會讓你的陳述具有目標、意義與邏輯性,這才是大腦真正渴望獲得的。
例如「因為我沒收到訊息,所以我遇到了瓶頸,使得工作無法順利進行。」或者「我真的很欣賞你補充的那些故事,讓我更快理解其中的概念。」
4. wrap feedback message with a question提出一個問題
What it does is it creates commitment rather than just compliance.
這麼說會鼓勵對方投入而非服從。會讓對話不再是獨白,而是創造一個共同解決問題的情境。
擅長給回饋的人會用一個問題包裝回饋訊息。他們可能會說:「那你對這件事看法如何?」或者「我認為我們應該這麼做,但你有什麼的想法嗎?」
However, great feedback givers receive good feedbacks constantly is that they ask for feedback regularly rather than waiting for feedback, which establishes them as a continual learner. By making flexible use of the four-part formula into most conversation, I believe some difficult situations can be much easier.
出色的回饋者不但知道如何好好傳達訊息,也會經常尋求回饋而非等待別人給你回饋。這樣的方式能建立起你喜好持續學習的形象,讓你有主控權。最具挑戰性的是那些需要熟練技巧回饋的情況。但是要學會並不困難。
📌C) Great sentences覺得很棒的句子—※摘錄方向以1片語在英語的用法、2中英文語意)
1. In our era and the type of work most of us are doing, the tool we most need is actually centered around being able to give and receive feedback well.
在這個時代以及多數人的工作當中,其實我們最需要的工具,在於如何給予和接受回饋意見。
2. The way that most people give their feedback actually isn't brain-friendly.
大多數人給人回饋意見的方式,其實不利於大腦的訊息接收。
3. The amygdala it's scanning at all times to figure out whether the message has a social threat attached to it.
大腦有一個部分為杏仁核,它無時無刻都在掃描判斷所接收到的訊息是否具社交威脅。
4. There's a four-part formula that you can use to say any difficult message well.
我們找出了四種方法,可運用於傳達任何棘手的訊息。
5. I get a feeling of autonomy.
我覺得有了自主權。
6. You should name specifically what you saw or heard, and cut out any words that aren't objective.
你要明確地指出你看到或聽到的事,並且排除任何不客觀的用字。
7. Great feedback givers doing differently is they'll convert their blur words into actual data points.
出色的回饋者作法則不同,他們會將模糊字眼轉換為數據點。
8. You name exactly how that data point impacted you.
你要具體陳述那個數據點如何影響你。
9. Great feedback givers wrap their feedback message with a question.
擅長給回饋的人會用一個問題包裝回饋訊息。
10. Great feedback givers not only can say messages well but also, they ask for feedback regularly.
出色的回饋者不但知道如何好好傳達訊息,他們也會經常尋求回饋。
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禱告運用:驅魔篇
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禱告運用:抗癌篇